Optimal profit of the parasitation by aphelinus mali in an ipm complementary strategy for the control of eriosoma lanigerum. We would like to show you a description here but the site wont allow us. It is primarily a parasitoid of larger aphids foxglove aphid aulacorthum solani, glasshouse potato aphid macrosiphum euphorbiae, and green peach aphid myzus species but is also a significant predator. When several species of cereal aphid invaded south america in the 1960s, farmers had to spray insecticides several times per season zuniga 1990. Identification, biology, distribution, host plants, natural enemies, damage caused. The distribution in this summary table is based on all the information available.
Rearing and release of aphelinus mali hald hymenoptera. Sabinet field biology of woolly apple aphid, eriosoma. At each orchard, aphid colonies were collected and taken back to the laboratory to sample the emerging hymenopteran parasitoid aphelinus mali hymenoptera. The aphid population increased in late march, peaked in april and the first week of may, and then declined sharply and stayed low until september. It is primarily a parasitoid of larger aphids foxglove aphid aulacorthum solani, potato aphid macrosiphum euphorbiae, and green peach aphid myzus species but is also a significant predator. Aphelinus abdominalis aphelinus is a parasitoid wasp which attacks over 200 species of aphids. Ecological investigations on the woolly aphid, eriosoma lanigerum hausm. Pdf optimal profit of the parasitation by aphelinus mali in an ipm.
Previous studies have found that, with waa from shandong province qingdao as the host, there are significant differences in various biological. Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. Distribution of the parasite of the woolly aphis in new zealand during the season 192425. Written by experienced, active nonmajors biology instructors, our digital learning resources help engage students as they build conceptual understandingusing realworld problems they can relate to. Learn about tools specifically designed to help nonmajors biology students build scientific literacy and develop critical thinking skills. Males and females overwinter as free living adults and appear on sycamore in mid, may. Aphelinidae approximately 1,000 species aphelinids attack mealybugs, whiteflies, scales and psyllids. Aphelinus abdominalis glasshouse potato aphelinus is a parasitoid wasp which attacks over 200 species of aphids.
Development from egg to adult requires and parasitises 48 aphids over 27 days. Apple woolly aphid, eriosoma lanigera, is another pest of apple. To develop a bank plant system for the biological control of vegetable aphids, we used wheat, triticum aestivum l. Although the aphelinid aphelinus mali has been widely acclaimed as the. Discover how we make the best of nature work for your crops. Aphelinus mali was then introduced in several european countries and in australia and new zealand howard 1929. Aphelinus mali is a parasitoid wasp that exploits the woolly apple aphid eriosoma lanigerum, a pest of apple trees. It is the most important improvement of biological control has been a. Biopesticide properties for aphelinus mali, including approvals, environmental fate, ecotoxicity and human health issues.
Apelinidae, were studied in the western cape province region of south africa. Reports the introduction of aphelinus mali into the watsonville district of california from material supplied by e. Biological control of insect pests in the continental united states. A comparative study of courtship behaviors across the genus aphelinus aphelinidae, hymenoptera and their role in speciation by joshua rhoades a thesis submitted to the faculty of the university of delaware in partial fulfillment. W e also provide a key for identifying species in the asychis group. Differences in life history traits between isofemale lines. The norwegian species of aphelinus dalman, 1820 hymenoptera. A case study of the biological control of eriosoma lanigerum by aphelinus mali in apple orchards. Female aphelinus mali oviposits in woolly apple aphid e. Aphelinus mali 6 september 2016 in aphids, pests by dan papacek. Versions latest downloads pdf htmlzip epub on read the docs project home builds. Individuals from four sites and the laboratory colony were identified as a. Though we edit our accounts for accuracy, we cannot guarantee all information in those accounts. Oct 01, 2010 at 22 of these sites, wasps reared from aphids were identified as belonging to the genus aphelinus dalman hymenoptera.
Parasitoid wasp aphelinus mali and wooly apple aphid eriosoma lanigerum. Adw doesnt cover all species in the world, nor does it include all the latest scientific information about organisms we describe. Pearson symbiosis custom library for the biological sciences. Quizlet flashcards, activities and games help you improve your grades. Inoculation of a new apple plantation with pesticideresistant predatory mites, such as typhlodromus pyri, is usually the first and prevalent step of ipm in european apple orchards blommers, 1994. These findings are discussed in relation to its status as a biological control agent for e.
In chile between 1903 and 1984, 66 species of beneficial insects were introduced against several pest species of such crops. Optimal profit of the parasitation by aphelinus mali in an. Classification of parasitoid based on stages of attack based on number per host based on feeding type based on tropic level or food web relationship based on host range based on parasitism based on other categories 2. Field biology of woolly apple aphid, eriosoma lanigerum hausmann, and its natural enemy, aphelinus mali haldeman, in apple orchards in the western cape province.
Differences in life history traits between isofemale lines of. Canadian journal of plant science nrc research press. Development and parasitism by aphelinus certus hymenoptera. Yothers, division of fruit insect investigations united states department of agriculture agricultural research. The degree of parasitisation, host feeding, developmental time, adult emergence and female sex ratio of the parasitoid aphelinus abdominalis were evaluated when different host stages of n. Aphelinus mali wsu tree fruit washington state university. The aphelinid genus aphelinus dalman is defined by means of a brief diagnosis. Biopesticide properties for aphelinus abdominalis, including approvals, environmental fate, ecotoxicity and human health issues. The animal diversity web is an educational resource written largely by and for college students. Manage your crops residuefree with biobest integrated pest management strategies and biocontrol systems. Studies on the physical ecology of woolly apple aphis eriosoma lanigerum and its parasite, aphelinus mali, in palestine.
The female lays eggs singly into mid age nymphal stages of target aphids. We provide a key for identifying species in the mali complex, and describe three new species, aphelinus glycinis sp. Guy boivin, 1 2 thierry hance, 3 jacques brodeur 4 1 horticultural research and development centre, agriculture and agrifood canada, 430 boulevard gouin, stjeansurrichelieu, quebec, canada j3b 3e6. An identification key to species in the mali complex of. Memoir 79, cornell university agricultural experiment station, ithaca, ny. Nisha iphdentomology types of parasitoids and parasitism 1 2. Two putative bridgehead populations of aphelinus mali bioone. Potential effects of climate change on biological control systems.
Aphelinus are about 3mm long and black with a yellowishbrown abdomen. Natural control of aphelinus mali on eriosoma lanigerum. The aphelinus mali complex consists of eleven described species. Host specificity of aphelinus species considered for introduction to control diuraphis noxia diuraphis noxia, the russian wheat aphid, has become a major pest of wheat and barley since first being detected in the western usa in 1986. Host specificity of aphelinus species collected from soybean aphid in asia csv. Newcomer, of the bureau of entomology and plant quarantine, yakima, wash. Potential effects of climate change on biological control. Biology textbooks, ebooks and digital platforms cengage. Keep in mind that the search is only based on the full taxon name. Three new species and new distributional data for five rare species of aphelinus hymenoptera.
Host specificity of aphelinus species collected from soybean aphid in asia the soybean aphid, aphis glycines matsumura hemiptera. Full text of annotated bibliography on aphelinus mali. Development of aphelinus mali an endoparasitoid of woolly apple. Enter the name or part of a name you wish to search for. All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the creative commons cc0 license. Korea as candidates for biological control of soybean aphid, aphis glycines. Like the rest of south america in the early 1900s, chile imported aphelinus mali against eriosoma lanigerum and r. Aphid and parasitoid individuals were genotyped using speciesspecific microsatellite loci and genetic variability was assessed.
Pdf during summer the parasitoid aphelinus mali may certainly reduce the. Aphidiae and its natural enemy, aphelinus mali hymenoptera. Aphelinidae is an effective natural enemy used in china to control the woolly apple aphid eriosoma lanigerum hausmann waa. Aphelinus flavus thompson is a solitary internal parasite. An identification key to species in the mali complex of aphelinus. Pdf revision of the asychis species group of aphelinus. Revision of the genus aphelinus dalman hymenoptera. Biodivlibrary definitely check out this thread for some awesome bird book.
With exclusion and feeding experiments it is tried to qualify and to quantify the relative role of the various natural enemies of waa. Pearson symbiosis custom library for the biological sciences on. Pdf revision of the genus aphelinus dalman hymenoptera. Therefore, a model has been developed that integrates biology and lifecycles of waa and its most important natural enemies a phelinus mali, forficula auricularia and exochomus quadripustulatus. Woolly apple aphid eriosoma lanigerum hausmann ecology and. The 3 species aphelinus abdominalis dalman, 1820, a. Investigations on the biology and utilization of aphelinus mali hald. Collection information for aphelinus species from soybean aphid for. Aphid parasitoids in biological control canadian journal. The female consumes aphid body fluids and kills 1 aphid for food for every 1. In the present results, the developmental threshold temperature of the shandong clade 9. Both temperature and sex had a significant effect on development rate for the eggmummy and mummyadult life stages table 2. The illustrations of citrus insect pests and their natural enemies in taiwan. For example, the woolly apple aphid parasite, aphelinus mali haldemann, which was originally found in.
Laboratory comparison of two aphelinus mali clades for control of. Due to the chronic infestations of waa, to attack waa worldwide. The seasonal cycles of eriosoma lanigerum homoptera. Field biology of woolly apple aphid, eriosoma lanigerum. Aphididae, is native to asia where it is an occasional pest of soybean, glycine max l. Six isofemale lines of the aphid parasitoid aphelinus abdominalis dalman were compared for life history traits related to parasitism of three cereal aphid species. Kungliga svenska vetenskapsakademiens handlingar 412. Temperature adaptability of two clades of aphelinus mali. Important genera include aphelinus, aphytis, coccophagus, encarsia, eretmocerus and prospaltella. Species of aphelinus have been used in biocontrol against many aphid pests, most successfully aphelinus mali for the biological control of eriosoma lanigerum hausmann, the apple woolly aphid nikolskaya and yasnosh, 1966. The development rate increased over the entire temperature range tested for both life stages fig.
Aphelinus mali, microctonus aethiopoides and microctonus hyperodae are discussed in. Paperback 1924 by arnold e lundie author see all formats and editions hide other formats and editions. Aphelinus certus completed development at all temperatures tested. In india, the first consignment of the exotic parasitoid aphelinus mali haldeman to control woolly aphid was.
Guide to the biological control of some common yard. Preference and life history traits of aphelinus abdominalis. Demography and parasitic effectiveness of aphelinus asychis. This page was last edited on 24 october 2015, at 15. The adaptability of introduced biological control agents springerlink.
Introduction of aphelinus mali into the netherlands to control the woolly apple aphid exemplifies classical biological control mols et al. Jan 01, 2012 aphelinus mali was then introduced in several european countries and in australia and new zealand howard 1929. Aphelinus abdominalis information sheet biological services. Aphelinus mali haldeman is an important parasitoid of eriosoma lanigerum hausmann. It is native to the northeastern united states but has been introduced to other parts of the world as a biological pest control agent. Other cases where biological control of aphids has been highly successful include the walnut aphid.
The lines differed most in the number of hosts parasitized in 24 h and the developmental times of females and males. The latest works on aphelinus from europe were done by japoshvili and. The thermal biology of these organisms could explain this pattern. The biodiversity heritage library works collaboratively to make biodiversity literature openly available to the world as part of a global biodiversity community. Aphelinus aphelinus abdominalis biological services. Full text of annotated bibliography on aphelinus mali hald.
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